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Eric Gullickson
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docs/K8S-PHASE-2.md
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docs/K8S-PHASE-2.md
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# Phase 2: High Availability Infrastructure (Weeks 5-8)
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This phase focuses on implementing the supporting infrastructure required for high availability, including MinIO clusters, PostgreSQL HA setup, Redis clusters, and file storage abstraction.
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## Overview
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Phase 2 transforms MotoVaultPro's supporting infrastructure from single-instance services to highly available, distributed systems. This phase establishes the foundation for true high availability by eliminating all single points of failure in the data layer.
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## Key Objectives
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- **MinIO High Availability**: Deploy distributed object storage with erasure coding
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- **File Storage Abstraction**: Create unified interface for file operations
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- **PostgreSQL HA**: Implement primary/replica configuration with automated failover
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- **Redis Cluster**: Deploy distributed caching and session storage
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- **Data Migration**: Seamless transition from local storage to distributed systems
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## 2.1 MinIO High Availability Setup
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**Objective**: Deploy a highly available MinIO cluster for file storage with automatic failover.
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**Architecture Overview**:
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MinIO will be deployed as a distributed cluster with erasure coding for data protection and automatic healing capabilities.
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### MinIO Cluster Configuration
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```yaml
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# MinIO Tenant Configuration
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apiVersion: minio.min.io/v2
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kind: Tenant
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metadata:
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name: motovault-minio
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namespace: motovault
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spec:
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image: minio/minio:RELEASE.2024-01-16T16-07-38Z
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creationDate: 2024-01-20T10:00:00Z
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pools:
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- servers: 4
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name: pool-0
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volumesPerServer: 4
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volumeClaimTemplate:
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metadata:
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name: data
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spec:
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accessModes:
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- ReadWriteOnce
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resources:
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requests:
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storage: 100Gi
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storageClassName: fast-ssd
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mountPath: /export
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subPath: /data
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requestAutoCert: false
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certConfig:
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commonName: ""
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organizationName: []
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dnsNames: []
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console:
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image: minio/console:v0.22.5
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replicas: 2
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consoleSecret:
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name: motovault-minio-console-secret
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configuration:
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name: motovault-minio-config
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```
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### Implementation Tasks
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#### 1. Deploy MinIO Operator
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```bash
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kubectl apply -k "github.com/minio/operator/resources"
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```
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#### 2. Create MinIO cluster configuration with erasure coding
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- Configure 4+ nodes for optimal erasure coding
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- Set up data protection with automatic healing
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- Configure storage classes for performance
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#### 3. Configure backup policies for disaster recovery
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```yaml
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: ConfigMap
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metadata:
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name: minio-backup-policy
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data:
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backup-policy.json: |
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{
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"rules": [
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{
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"id": "motovault-backup",
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"status": "Enabled",
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"transition": {
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"days": 30,
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"storage_class": "GLACIER"
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}
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}
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]
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}
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```
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#### 4. Set up monitoring with Prometheus metrics
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```yaml
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apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
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kind: ServiceMonitor
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metadata:
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name: minio-metrics
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spec:
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selector:
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matchLabels:
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app: minio
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endpoints:
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- port: http-minio
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path: /minio/v2/metrics/cluster
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```
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#### 5. Create service endpoints for application connectivity
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```yaml
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Service
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metadata:
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name: minio-service
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spec:
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selector:
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app: minio
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ports:
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- name: http
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port: 9000
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targetPort: 9000
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- name: console
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port: 9001
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targetPort: 9001
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```
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### MinIO High Availability Features
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- **Erasure Coding**: Data is split across multiple drives with parity for automatic healing
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- **Distributed Architecture**: No single point of failure
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- **Automatic Healing**: Corrupted data is automatically detected and repaired
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- **Load Balancing**: Built-in load balancing across cluster nodes
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- **Bucket Policies**: Fine-grained access control for different data types
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## 2.2 File Storage Abstraction Implementation
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**Objective**: Create an abstraction layer that allows seamless switching between local filesystem and MinIO object storage.
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**Current State**:
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- Direct filesystem operations throughout the application
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- File paths hardcoded in various controllers and services
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- No abstraction for different storage backends
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**Target State**:
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- Unified file storage interface
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- Pluggable storage implementations
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- Transparent migration between storage types
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### Implementation Tasks
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#### 1. Define storage abstraction interface
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```csharp
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public interface IFileStorageService
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{
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Task<string> UploadFileAsync(Stream fileStream, string fileName, string contentType, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default);
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Task<Stream> DownloadFileAsync(string fileId, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default);
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Task<bool> DeleteFileAsync(string fileId, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default);
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Task<FileMetadata> GetFileMetadataAsync(string fileId, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default);
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Task<IEnumerable<FileMetadata>> ListFilesAsync(string prefix = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default);
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Task<string> GeneratePresignedUrlAsync(string fileId, TimeSpan expiration, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default);
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}
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public class FileMetadata
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{
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public string Id { get; set; }
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public string FileName { get; set; }
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public string ContentType { get; set; }
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public long Size { get; set; }
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public DateTime CreatedDate { get; set; }
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public DateTime ModifiedDate { get; set; }
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public Dictionary<string, string> Tags { get; set; }
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}
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```
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#### 2. Implement MinIO storage service
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```csharp
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public class MinIOFileStorageService : IFileStorageService
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{
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private readonly IMinioClient _minioClient;
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private readonly ILogger<MinIOFileStorageService> _logger;
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private readonly string _bucketName;
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public MinIOFileStorageService(IMinioClient minioClient, IConfiguration configuration, ILogger<MinIOFileStorageService> logger)
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{
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_minioClient = minioClient;
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_logger = logger;
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_bucketName = configuration["MinIO:BucketName"] ?? "motovault-files";
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}
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public async Task<string> UploadFileAsync(Stream fileStream, string fileName, string contentType, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
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{
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var fileId = $"{Guid.NewGuid()}/{fileName}";
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try
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{
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await _minioClient.PutObjectAsync(new PutObjectArgs()
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.WithBucket(_bucketName)
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.WithObject(fileId)
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.WithStreamData(fileStream)
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.WithObjectSize(fileStream.Length)
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.WithContentType(contentType)
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.WithHeaders(new Dictionary<string, string>
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{
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["X-Amz-Meta-Original-Name"] = fileName,
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["X-Amz-Meta-Upload-Date"] = DateTime.UtcNow.ToString("O")
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}), cancellationToken);
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_logger.LogInformation("File uploaded successfully: {FileId}", fileId);
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return fileId;
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}
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catch (Exception ex)
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{
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_logger.LogError(ex, "Failed to upload file: {FileName}", fileName);
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throw;
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}
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}
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public async Task<Stream> DownloadFileAsync(string fileId, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
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{
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try
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{
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var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
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await _minioClient.GetObjectAsync(new GetObjectArgs()
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.WithBucket(_bucketName)
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.WithObject(fileId)
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.WithCallbackStream(stream => stream.CopyTo(memoryStream)), cancellationToken);
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memoryStream.Position = 0;
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return memoryStream;
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}
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catch (Exception ex)
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{
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_logger.LogError(ex, "Failed to download file: {FileId}", fileId);
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throw;
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}
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}
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// Additional method implementations...
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}
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```
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#### 3. Create fallback storage service for graceful degradation
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```csharp
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public class FallbackFileStorageService : IFileStorageService
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{
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private readonly IFileStorageService _primaryService;
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private readonly IFileStorageService _fallbackService;
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private readonly ILogger<FallbackFileStorageService> _logger;
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public FallbackFileStorageService(
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IFileStorageService primaryService,
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IFileStorageService fallbackService,
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ILogger<FallbackFileStorageService> logger)
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{
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_primaryService = primaryService;
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_fallbackService = fallbackService;
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_logger = logger;
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}
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public async Task<string> UploadFileAsync(Stream fileStream, string fileName, string contentType, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
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{
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try
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{
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return await _primaryService.UploadFileAsync(fileStream, fileName, contentType, cancellationToken);
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}
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catch (Exception ex)
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{
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_logger.LogWarning(ex, "Primary storage failed, falling back to secondary storage");
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fileStream.Position = 0; // Reset stream position
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return await _fallbackService.UploadFileAsync(fileStream, fileName, contentType, cancellationToken);
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}
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}
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// Implementation with automatic fallback logic for other methods...
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}
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```
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#### 4. Update all file operations to use the abstraction layer
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- Replace direct File.WriteAllBytes, File.ReadAllBytes calls
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- Update all controllers to use IFileStorageService
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- Modify attachment handling in vehicle records
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#### 5. Implement file migration utility for existing local files
|
||||
```csharp
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public class FileMigrationService
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{
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private readonly IFileStorageService _targetStorage;
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private readonly ILogger<FileMigrationService> _logger;
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public async Task<MigrationResult> MigrateLocalFilesAsync(string localPath)
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{
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var result = new MigrationResult();
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var files = Directory.GetFiles(localPath, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
|
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|
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foreach (var filePath in files)
|
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{
|
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try
|
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{
|
||||
using var fileStream = File.OpenRead(filePath);
|
||||
var fileName = Path.GetFileName(filePath);
|
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var contentType = GetContentType(fileName);
|
||||
|
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var fileId = await _targetStorage.UploadFileAsync(fileStream, fileName, contentType);
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result.ProcessedFiles.Add(new MigratedFile
|
||||
{
|
||||
OriginalPath = filePath,
|
||||
NewFileId = fileId,
|
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Success = true
|
||||
});
|
||||
}
|
||||
catch (Exception ex)
|
||||
{
|
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_logger.LogError(ex, "Failed to migrate file: {FilePath}", filePath);
|
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result.ProcessedFiles.Add(new MigratedFile
|
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{
|
||||
OriginalPath = filePath,
|
||||
Success = false,
|
||||
Error = ex.Message
|
||||
});
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
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||||
|
||||
return result;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
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```
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|
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## 2.3 PostgreSQL High Availability Configuration
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||||
|
||||
**Objective**: Set up a PostgreSQL cluster with automatic failover and read replicas.
|
||||
|
||||
**Architecture Overview**:
|
||||
PostgreSQL will be deployed using an operator (like CloudNativePG or Postgres Operator) to provide automated failover, backup, and scaling capabilities.
|
||||
|
||||
### PostgreSQL Cluster Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
apiVersion: postgresql.cnpg.io/v1
|
||||
kind: Cluster
|
||||
metadata:
|
||||
name: motovault-postgres
|
||||
namespace: motovault
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
instances: 3
|
||||
primaryUpdateStrategy: unsupervised
|
||||
|
||||
postgresql:
|
||||
parameters:
|
||||
max_connections: "200"
|
||||
shared_buffers: "256MB"
|
||||
effective_cache_size: "1GB"
|
||||
maintenance_work_mem: "64MB"
|
||||
checkpoint_completion_target: "0.9"
|
||||
wal_buffers: "16MB"
|
||||
default_statistics_target: "100"
|
||||
random_page_cost: "1.1"
|
||||
effective_io_concurrency: "200"
|
||||
|
||||
resources:
|
||||
requests:
|
||||
memory: "2Gi"
|
||||
cpu: "1000m"
|
||||
limits:
|
||||
memory: "4Gi"
|
||||
cpu: "2000m"
|
||||
|
||||
storage:
|
||||
size: "100Gi"
|
||||
storageClass: "fast-ssd"
|
||||
|
||||
monitoring:
|
||||
enabled: true
|
||||
|
||||
backup:
|
||||
retentionPolicy: "30d"
|
||||
barmanObjectStore:
|
||||
destinationPath: "s3://motovault-backups/postgres"
|
||||
s3Credentials:
|
||||
accessKeyId:
|
||||
name: postgres-backup-credentials
|
||||
key: ACCESS_KEY_ID
|
||||
secretAccessKey:
|
||||
name: postgres-backup-credentials
|
||||
key: SECRET_ACCESS_KEY
|
||||
wal:
|
||||
retention: "5d"
|
||||
data:
|
||||
retention: "30d"
|
||||
jobs: 1
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Implementation Tasks
|
||||
|
||||
#### 1. Deploy PostgreSQL operator (CloudNativePG recommended)
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cloudnative-pg/cloudnative-pg/release-1.20/releases/cnpg-1.20.1.yaml
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2. Configure cluster with primary/replica setup
|
||||
- 3-node cluster with automatic failover
|
||||
- Read-write split capability
|
||||
- Streaming replication configuration
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3. Set up automated backups to MinIO or external storage
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
apiVersion: postgresql.cnpg.io/v1
|
||||
kind: ScheduledBackup
|
||||
metadata:
|
||||
name: motovault-postgres-backup
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
schedule: "0 2 * * *" # Daily at 2 AM
|
||||
backupOwnerReference: self
|
||||
cluster:
|
||||
name: motovault-postgres
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4. Implement connection pooling with PgBouncer
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
apiVersion: apps/v1
|
||||
kind: Deployment
|
||||
metadata:
|
||||
name: pgbouncer
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
replicas: 2
|
||||
selector:
|
||||
matchLabels:
|
||||
app: pgbouncer
|
||||
template:
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
containers:
|
||||
- name: pgbouncer
|
||||
image: pgbouncer/pgbouncer:latest
|
||||
env:
|
||||
- name: DATABASES_HOST
|
||||
value: motovault-postgres-rw
|
||||
- name: DATABASES_PORT
|
||||
value: "5432"
|
||||
- name: DATABASES_DATABASE
|
||||
value: motovault
|
||||
- name: POOL_MODE
|
||||
value: session
|
||||
- name: MAX_CLIENT_CONN
|
||||
value: "1000"
|
||||
- name: DEFAULT_POOL_SIZE
|
||||
value: "25"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 5. Configure monitoring and alerting for database health
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
|
||||
kind: ServiceMonitor
|
||||
metadata:
|
||||
name: postgres-metrics
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
selector:
|
||||
matchLabels:
|
||||
app.kubernetes.io/name: cloudnative-pg
|
||||
endpoints:
|
||||
- port: metrics
|
||||
path: /metrics
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## 2.4 Redis Cluster for Session Management
|
||||
|
||||
**Objective**: Implement distributed session storage and caching using Redis cluster.
|
||||
|
||||
**Current State**:
|
||||
- In-memory session storage tied to individual application instances
|
||||
- No distributed caching for expensive operations
|
||||
- Configuration and translation data loaded on each application start
|
||||
|
||||
**Target State**:
|
||||
- Redis cluster for distributed session storage
|
||||
- Centralized caching for frequently accessed data
|
||||
- High availability with automatic failover
|
||||
|
||||
### Redis Cluster Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
apiVersion: v1
|
||||
kind: ConfigMap
|
||||
metadata:
|
||||
name: redis-cluster-config
|
||||
namespace: motovault
|
||||
data:
|
||||
redis.conf: |
|
||||
cluster-enabled yes
|
||||
cluster-require-full-coverage no
|
||||
cluster-node-timeout 15000
|
||||
cluster-config-file /data/nodes.conf
|
||||
cluster-migration-barrier 1
|
||||
appendonly yes
|
||||
appendfsync everysec
|
||||
save 900 1
|
||||
save 300 10
|
||||
save 60 10000
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
apiVersion: apps/v1
|
||||
kind: StatefulSet
|
||||
metadata:
|
||||
name: redis-cluster
|
||||
namespace: motovault
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
serviceName: redis-cluster
|
||||
replicas: 6
|
||||
selector:
|
||||
matchLabels:
|
||||
app: redis-cluster
|
||||
template:
|
||||
metadata:
|
||||
labels:
|
||||
app: redis-cluster
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
containers:
|
||||
- name: redis
|
||||
image: redis:7-alpine
|
||||
command:
|
||||
- redis-server
|
||||
- /etc/redis/redis.conf
|
||||
ports:
|
||||
- containerPort: 6379
|
||||
- containerPort: 16379
|
||||
resources:
|
||||
requests:
|
||||
memory: "512Mi"
|
||||
cpu: "250m"
|
||||
limits:
|
||||
memory: "1Gi"
|
||||
cpu: "500m"
|
||||
volumeMounts:
|
||||
- name: redis-config
|
||||
mountPath: /etc/redis
|
||||
- name: redis-data
|
||||
mountPath: /data
|
||||
volumes:
|
||||
- name: redis-config
|
||||
configMap:
|
||||
name: redis-cluster-config
|
||||
volumeClaimTemplates:
|
||||
- metadata:
|
||||
name: redis-data
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]
|
||||
resources:
|
||||
requests:
|
||||
storage: 10Gi
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Implementation Tasks
|
||||
|
||||
#### 1. Deploy Redis cluster with 6 nodes (3 masters, 3 replicas)
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Initialize Redis cluster after deployment
|
||||
kubectl exec -it redis-cluster-0 -- redis-cli --cluster create \
|
||||
redis-cluster-0.redis-cluster:6379 \
|
||||
redis-cluster-1.redis-cluster:6379 \
|
||||
redis-cluster-2.redis-cluster:6379 \
|
||||
redis-cluster-3.redis-cluster:6379 \
|
||||
redis-cluster-4.redis-cluster:6379 \
|
||||
redis-cluster-5.redis-cluster:6379 \
|
||||
--cluster-replicas 1
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 2. Configure session storage
|
||||
```csharp
|
||||
services.AddStackExchangeRedisCache(options =>
|
||||
{
|
||||
options.Configuration = configuration.GetConnectionString("Redis");
|
||||
options.InstanceName = "MotoVault";
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
services.AddSession(options =>
|
||||
{
|
||||
options.IdleTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30);
|
||||
options.Cookie.HttpOnly = true;
|
||||
options.Cookie.IsEssential = true;
|
||||
options.Cookie.SecurePolicy = CookieSecurePolicy.Always;
|
||||
});
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3. Implement distributed caching
|
||||
```csharp
|
||||
public class CachedTranslationService : ITranslationService
|
||||
{
|
||||
private readonly IDistributedCache _cache;
|
||||
private readonly ITranslationService _translationService;
|
||||
private readonly ILogger<CachedTranslationService> _logger;
|
||||
|
||||
public async Task<string> GetTranslationAsync(string key, string language)
|
||||
{
|
||||
var cacheKey = $"translation:{language}:{key}";
|
||||
var cached = await _cache.GetStringAsync(cacheKey);
|
||||
|
||||
if (cached != null)
|
||||
{
|
||||
return cached;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
var translation = await _translationService.GetTranslationAsync(key, language);
|
||||
|
||||
await _cache.SetStringAsync(cacheKey, translation, new DistributedCacheEntryOptions
|
||||
{
|
||||
SlidingExpiration = TimeSpan.FromHours(1)
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
return translation;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4. Add cache monitoring and performance metrics
|
||||
```csharp
|
||||
public class CacheMetricsService
|
||||
{
|
||||
private readonly Counter _cacheHits;
|
||||
private readonly Counter _cacheMisses;
|
||||
private readonly Histogram _cacheOperationDuration;
|
||||
|
||||
public CacheMetricsService()
|
||||
{
|
||||
_cacheHits = Metrics.CreateCounter(
|
||||
"motovault_cache_hits_total",
|
||||
"Total cache hits",
|
||||
new[] { "cache_type" });
|
||||
|
||||
_cacheMisses = Metrics.CreateCounter(
|
||||
"motovault_cache_misses_total",
|
||||
"Total cache misses",
|
||||
new[] { "cache_type" });
|
||||
|
||||
_cacheOperationDuration = Metrics.CreateHistogram(
|
||||
"motovault_cache_operation_duration_seconds",
|
||||
"Cache operation duration",
|
||||
new[] { "operation", "cache_type" });
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Week-by-Week Breakdown
|
||||
|
||||
### Week 5: MinIO Deployment
|
||||
- **Days 1-2**: Deploy MinIO operator and configure basic cluster
|
||||
- **Days 3-4**: Implement file storage abstraction interface
|
||||
- **Days 5-7**: Create MinIO storage service implementation
|
||||
|
||||
### Week 6: File Migration and PostgreSQL HA
|
||||
- **Days 1-2**: Complete file storage abstraction and migration tools
|
||||
- **Days 3-4**: Deploy PostgreSQL operator and HA cluster
|
||||
- **Days 5-7**: Configure connection pooling and backup strategies
|
||||
|
||||
### Week 7: Redis Cluster and Caching
|
||||
- **Days 1-3**: Deploy Redis cluster and configure session storage
|
||||
- **Days 4-5**: Implement distributed caching layer
|
||||
- **Days 6-7**: Add cache monitoring and performance metrics
|
||||
|
||||
### Week 8: Integration and Testing
|
||||
- **Days 1-3**: End-to-end testing of all HA components
|
||||
- **Days 4-5**: Performance testing and optimization
|
||||
- **Days 6-7**: Documentation and preparation for Phase 3
|
||||
|
||||
## Success Criteria
|
||||
|
||||
- [ ] MinIO cluster operational with erasure coding
|
||||
- [ ] File storage abstraction implemented and tested
|
||||
- [ ] PostgreSQL HA cluster with automatic failover
|
||||
- [ ] Redis cluster providing distributed sessions
|
||||
- [ ] All file operations migrated to object storage
|
||||
- [ ] Comprehensive monitoring for all infrastructure components
|
||||
- [ ] Backup and recovery procedures validated
|
||||
|
||||
## Testing Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
### Infrastructure Tests
|
||||
- MinIO cluster failover scenarios
|
||||
- PostgreSQL primary/replica failover
|
||||
- Redis cluster node failure recovery
|
||||
- Network partition handling
|
||||
|
||||
### Application Integration Tests
|
||||
- File upload/download through abstraction layer
|
||||
- Session persistence across application restarts
|
||||
- Cache performance and invalidation
|
||||
- Database connection pool behavior
|
||||
|
||||
### Performance Tests
|
||||
- File storage throughput and latency
|
||||
- Database query performance with connection pooling
|
||||
- Cache hit/miss ratios and response times
|
||||
|
||||
## Deliverables
|
||||
|
||||
1. **Infrastructure Components**
|
||||
- MinIO HA cluster configuration
|
||||
- PostgreSQL HA cluster with operator
|
||||
- Redis cluster deployment
|
||||
- Monitoring and alerting setup
|
||||
|
||||
2. **Application Updates**
|
||||
- File storage abstraction implementation
|
||||
- Session management configuration
|
||||
- Distributed caching integration
|
||||
- Connection pooling optimization
|
||||
|
||||
3. **Migration Tools**
|
||||
- File migration utility
|
||||
- Database migration scripts
|
||||
- Configuration migration helpers
|
||||
|
||||
4. **Documentation**
|
||||
- Infrastructure architecture diagrams
|
||||
- Operational procedures
|
||||
- Monitoring and alerting guides
|
||||
|
||||
## Dependencies
|
||||
|
||||
- Kubernetes cluster with sufficient resources
|
||||
- Storage classes for persistent volumes
|
||||
- Prometheus and Grafana for monitoring
|
||||
- Network connectivity between components
|
||||
|
||||
## Risks and Mitigations
|
||||
|
||||
### Risk: Data Corruption During File Migration
|
||||
**Mitigation**: Checksum validation and parallel running of old/new systems
|
||||
|
||||
### Risk: Database Failover Issues
|
||||
**Mitigation**: Extensive testing of failover scenarios and automated recovery
|
||||
|
||||
### Risk: Cache Inconsistency
|
||||
**Mitigation**: Proper cache invalidation strategies and monitoring
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
**Previous Phase**: [Phase 1: Core Kubernetes Readiness](K8S-PHASE-1.md)
|
||||
**Next Phase**: [Phase 3: Production Deployment](K8S-PHASE-3.md)
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user